This note describes how to upgrade Drupal 7 core to the latest update (minor version): 7.x to 7.y. See references to understand different types of upgrade.
Steps are:
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Take the backup of the website
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create a zip file of the website folder in cpanel
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take backup of the database using backup and migrate module
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Download latest Drupal 7 core zip file from drupal.org website.
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Upload the Drupal core to the website folder
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Extract the Drupal core
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Delete the contents of the existing folder except for sites, cgi bin and database folder
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Now copy the files from extracted drupal core to the website folder except sites folder
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sites folder will remain same as old sites folder
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change the permissions of sites> default> settings.php for editing
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change the value of update free access from false to true and save settings.php
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Now ran websitename/update.php in the browser and follow the steps
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Once all the steps are done in update.php, navigate to the website and check whether the site is loading properly or not
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Make sure that .htaccess is present
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Edit the settings.php and change the update free access from true to false
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Login to the website using admin permissions.
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Take a backup of the database again as we are going to run module updates
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Navigate to modules in the admin menu bar
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Click on 'update' tab on the page opened
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Check all the modules displayed on that page for which updates are available
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Click 'download these pending updates'
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Continue the steps in maintenance mode
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After modules update, make sure that site is loading properly